Quartz crusher and amalgamator



F, B ABBOTT. I

Ore Stamp.

AM- PHDTOLITHQCQNJI. (DSBORNE'S PROCESS.)

UNITED STATES PATENT UFFIEE.

FRANCIS B. ABBOTT, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

QUARTZ (JR-USHER AND AMALGAMATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 30,282, dated October 9, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS B. ABBOTT, of the city of St. Louis andState of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Machine for Crushingand Amalgamating Quartz; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had tothe annexed drawing. making part of this specification, in which- Figure1 is a top view of my said machine, without the heater It; Fig. 2 a backelevation; Fig. 3 a section through A; Fig. 4 a section through A, andFig. 5 a section on the line B.

To enable others skilled in the arts to which my invention appertains tomake and use the same I will proceed to describe the construction andoperation, thereof.

Similar letters of reference represent corresponding parts of thedifferent figures of the drawing annexed.

The frame of my improved machine for crushing and amalgamating quartzcon sists of a bed plate, shown in the drawing by A, and four uprightcolumns, shown by B. The said columns are made hollow and are bolted tothe bed plate by means of link bolts (shown by 2 Fig. A,) passed throughthe column, in the manner shown, and be tween each pair of columns, thebraces Y, Y, and IV, IV, are fixed to secure the said columns to eachother, and to serve as guides for the stamping rods. Between the twoinside columns a frame X X is erected, and

between this frame the cylinder S is arranged, in the frame, upontrunnions, so as to oscillate as an ordinary oscillating engine, and inthe top of the said frames X X the crank shaft V is arranged and securedin suitable journal boxes made in the top of the said frame. To thiscrank shaft the piston rod V is connected in the ordinary manner-thewhole engine being of the ordinary construction. On the out ends of thesaid crank shaft small pinions are fixed, shown by J J and so arrangedas to mesh into the spur wheels I I. These spur wheels are fixed on theinside ends of the shafts I I, upon which are also fixed the liftingcams E E, E E the hubs of which are shown at E E. These shafts havetheir bearing in the columns, through which they are made to pass in themanner shown.

Against the braces Y Y and W \V, the stamping rods D, D, D, D, arearranged l l l l I vertical in the manner shown, and they are secured insuitable journal boxes made on the said braces, so as to be allowed towork freely up and down.

The stampers are shown in the drawing by C. The manner of securing thesestampers to their respective shafts is peculiar. The lower end oftheshaft is first made with a collar on it as shown at D. The body of thestampers is then cast with an open place in the side near the upper end,and with a groove in the said open space, so as to receive the collarand lower end of the shaft in the manner shown. After the stampers havebeen so made and the shaft so introduced there is a small piece of metalcast of such shape as to fit into the opening and around the collar andshaft, which being first placed in the said opening is secured there, bymeans of a band which is shrunk over the whole arrangement. The band isshown by b, but the piece above referred to, is not shown, owing to themanner in which the section is taken but the arrangement is so simplethat it cannot be misunderstood. The lower ends of these stampers Ipropose to face with chilled metal or steel, by casting the body C ofthe stamper with the pin Q in it, and then making a piece of chilledcast metal, or a piece of steel with a hole in it to fit over the pin Q,and so as to fit up close against the end of the stamper, where Ipropose to secure it by means of keys, driven through the lower block,and the groove 6 in the lower end of the pin, and then to prevent thepin, or key cotter, from working out I propose to shrink a band f aroundthe stamper and over the head of the said key. These stampers areoperatedthat is to say, they are liftedby the action of the cams Eagainst the collars F, and they are allowed to fall, by force of gravityor the fall may be hastened and the force thereof increased, bytheapplication of a spring to the upper end of the shaft in the mannershown at (Z.

The collars F on the stamping shafts, I propose to make in semi-circularsegments, and hold them together around the shaft, by making cavities intheir peripheries to receive the nut and head of the bolt, in the mannershown by F, and to secure the said collars to the shafts whenconstructed in this manner I propose to cut grooves in the shaft andcorresponding ridges in the inside of the collar, so that when they arebolted together the ridge on the inside of the collar will mesh in thegroove in the shaft, which will thus prevent it from slipping. Theadvantage of this arrangement is that the collars can be taken off ofthe shaft, without taking the shaft out of its place, which is a verygreat advantage when large machines are used.

To stop one or more of the Stampers whenever it may be desired I arrangea lever J, to the cross piece or brace Y and to it I attach the rod a,which reaches up and attaches to a second lever u at e, which has itsfulcrum at t. The lower end of this lever u joins to the end of the.bolt 1), about which a coil spring is wound in the manner shown. (SeeFig. 4.) Now if the shaft be up in the manner shown and it is desired tolet it fall the lever J is depressed which draws back the bolt '0, so asto detach it from under the collar, which allows the shaft to fall.inside end of the said bolt is made square and the lower part thereof isbeveled, so that when the collar strikes it from the lower side, it isthrown back, and when the shaft has raised high enough, the springthrows the bolt forward to catch the shaft and hold it up. To regulatethe force of the blow of the Stampers I coil a spring around the shaftjust above the brace Y (as at d), to this spring I attach the lever l,see Fig. 1), whereby I can draw the spring tight around the shaft, so asto make it fall lightly in the mortar. The mortar is shown by P thelower part of it may be made of cast iron and the upper part of boileriron, with flanges turned around its lower edge, so as to bolt it to thelower part. The upper part is also perforated on one side, so that thewater can drain through into the leader at, leading to the amalgamator.

The amalgamator consists of a revolving disk u u, with four revolvingcrushers working therein shown at a", 1", r, 1'. The upper part of thesaid disk is grooved out, as shown at N, into which groove the crushersare made to work. The said disk is centered on the shaft 0, and is madeto rest upon friction rollers 5 and 6, which are also fixed into a framecentered 011 the shaft 0.

The crushers are arranged upon four shafts shown by S S S" S, the insideends of which are fixed in the hub f on the shaft 0, and the outsideends of which are fixed in the columns a a, under a spring bearingwhereby the crushers are made to press with more or less force upon thedisk or crusher pan w. The bearing pieces are shown at m m and thesprings by 1"". The force of the spring on the bearing pieces isregulated by the screw tops 1" over the top of the column, which is madehollow, as shown. The shafts S", upon which the crushers are fixed arestationary, but

The

the shaft 0 revolves with the disk w, and, the frame into which arefixed the rollers 5, 5, and 6, 6, may be made to revolve or not asexperience shall dictate. I propose to make them stationary and keepthem under the disk opposite the crushing rollers.

Upon the upper end of the shaft O there is a screw nut or collar fixedshown by Y and under it a spring H is arranged, to bear upon the collarA, which is fixed to, and made to revolve with the shaft, and on theunder side of this collar and to the hub thereof small friction rollersJ are arran ed, which travel around on the upper en of the hub f". Theobject of this arrangement of friction rollers, spring and nut on theshaft 0, is to enable the attendant to press down the inside end of theshafts S, so as to keep the one shaft on a line with the other. Thewhole of this amalgamator is set upon a plate which has a hub made inthe center to receive the lower end of the shaft 0 and ribs for therollers 5, 5, and 6, 6, to travel upon, in the manner shown.

Around the outside edge of the disk w I fix a strap or thin metal ringwith a saw edge on its lower side to facilitate and cause the water todrop off all around the disk alike. The said ring or band is shown at bFig. 1. The crushing rollers have a reciprocating as well as a revolvingmotion, that is to say they move horizontally over the upper face of thedisk, so as tomore perfectly crush and amalgamate the matter in thegroove N of said disk. The said crushers receive this motion through theagency of an eccentric a fixed on the shaft M, which acts upon a kind ofpitman J, which is made to connect with the hub of one of the crushersas shown, and so that it can be disconnected from it at pleasure. Nowwhen this eccentric is in motion it moves the crusher 1 back and forth,which being connected to the crusher r by the rod P, moves it also, andthese two crushers being connected to the crushers r 1*, by means of thelever q and the rod 9, moves them also, so that the motion of theeccentric moves at one and the same time, all of the crushers. The shaftM upon which the eccentric is fixed receives its motion from thecam-shaft, I through the agency of the pulley a on the cam-shaft and thepulley a on the shaft 7 a band being led over the two pulleys for thepurpose of conveying the motion from one to the other.

Upon the inside end of the shaft 7 upon which the wheel 2 is fixed asmall pinion wheel 8 is fixed, which meshes into a larger pinion wheel 7the hub of which, constitutes the shaft M, which is hollow, and made torevolve about the shaft, upon which the bevel wheel 6, also revolves.This wheel 6 meshes into a corresponding bevel wheel Q, which is fixedto a chain wheel arranged immediately below it, as shown by a. From th1schain wheel a the chain P 15 carried around a chain wheel fixed to theunder side I of the disk, as shown by 9 Fig. 5, whereby the said diskreceives its motion. The power is conveyed from the crank to the wheel 6by means of a band which leads from the pulley m on the crank shaft tothe pulley n, on the shaft j. On the inside end of the hub of the pulleya a clutch is made to gear into a corresponding clutch made in theoutside end of the hub of the wheel 6, the wheel, or rather the pulley nbeing arranged on its shaft so as to be moved to and fro, that is to sayin and out of gear at pleasure, so that the motion of the amalgamatormay be stopped without stopping the engine.

R is a steam boiler with the ordinary mountings attached, and G is thesteam pipe leading from the boiler to the engine, to supply it withsteam.

H is the exhaust pipe leading from the engine to the heater R, fixedupon the upper end of the two inside columns, in the manner shown. Thesaid exhaust pipe is coiled around in the lower part of the said heaterand made to exhaust in the open space in the top thereof, from whencethe steam escapes through the pipe O. The object in leading the exhaustpipe to the heater and coiling it therein, as above stated is to heatthe water before it enters the boiler, and also to heat the water to beused in the mortar, during the operation of crushing.

The feed pipe whereby the water is pumped into the boiler is shown by H.It leads from the force pump to the heater, in

which it is coiled and from thence it leads to the boiler. From theupper part of the pipe H a branch pipe Z is led to the heater, wherebythe water is pumped therein, the said branch is provided with a cockwhereby the flow of water to the heater is regulated. From the lowerpart of the heater, down alongside one of the inside columns, the pipe Tleads to convey the hot water from the heater to the mortar, the saidpipe being also provided with a cock, to regulate the flow of watertherein. The leader it conveys the crushed matter from the mortar to theamalgamator, the said leader being arranged and secured in anyconvenient manner so as to fulfil the required function.

Having thus described the construction and operation of my machine forcrushing quartz, what I claim as new therein, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

1. The use of the heater R in combination, with the boiler and crusher,when arranged in the manner described for the purpose specified.

2. Constructing arranging and operating the amalgamator, substantiallyin the manner described for the purpose specified.

3. Arranging the engine and boiler, with the crusher, and amalgamator,substantially in the manner described, for the purpose of economizing,in room, weight and cost of quartz crushing apparatuses.

FRANCIS B. ABBOTT. Witnesses:

C. E. GRAY, ROLEIN B. GRAY.

